ABSTRACT
Resumen Introducción: la tecnología Biofloc, es un proceso de biorremediación que permite minimizar el intercambio de agua y su uso en los sistemas de acuicultura. Objetivo: presentar tendencias de las publicaciones científicas acerca de la tecnología Biofloc para producción piscícola, utilizando las herramientas de análisis bibliométrico. Materiales y métodos: se empleó la base de datos Web of Science, con una ecuación de búsqueda y procesamiento de la información apoyada por las herramientas BibExcel y VOSviewer. Se realizó un análisis sistemático en los documentos recuperados, teniendo en cuenta: tipo de cultivo, tiempo experimental, rendimiento de crecimiento y proteico, densidad poblacional, calidad del agua, características microbiológicas y fisiológicas del cultivo. Se determinaron categorías en las cuales están definidos los estudios con relación a la tecnología y los principales desafíos identificados en la aplicación de la tecnología. Resultados: se encontraron 258 documentos, el 94,12 % correspondieron a artículos de investigación. La productividad fue mayor en 2014 y 2016. La Universidad Federal de Santa Catarina y la Universidad Federal de Rio Grande FURG en Brasil tienen la mayor producción. En coautorías se identificaron 18 nodos. El 59,3 % de los documentos reportaron investigaciones con camarón y el 18,99 % con tilapia. Los mejores tiempos de producción estuvieron en los rangos de 41-50 días (12,4 %), 21-30 días (11,24 %) y 51-60 días (9,68 %). La relación C: N no fue reportada en el 92,6 % de los trabajos. Sin embargo, el 3,48 % reportaron relaciones de 15:1 y el 1,16 % de 20:1. Las principales categorías fueron rendimiento (44,18 %) y productividad (26,35 %). Conclusiones: la tecnología Biofloc representa una oportunidad para la sustentabilidad en prácticas acuícolas de especies. Se evidenció un crecimiento gradual en los procesos de investigación en los últimos años; los principales estudios están relacionados con el rendimiento en cuanto a crecimiento y optimización de los procesos de conversión proteica en los cultivos analizados bien sean individuales o en policultivo.
Abstract Introduction: Biofloc technology is a bioremediation process that allows minimizing the exchange of water and its use in aquaculture systems. Objective: to present trends in scientific publications about Biofloc technology for fish production, using bibliometric analysis tools. Materials and methods: the Web of Science database was used, with a search equation and information processing supported by the BibExcel and VOSviewer tools. A systematic analysis was carried out on the recovered documents, considering type of culture, experimental time, growth and protein yield, population density, water quality, microbiological and physiological characteristics of the crop. Categories were determined in which the studies related to technology and the main challenges identified in the application of technology are defined. Results: 258 documents were found, 94.12 % corresponded to research articles. Productivity was higher in 2014 and 2016. The Federal University of Santa Catarina and Federal University of Rio Grande FURG in Brazil have the highest production. In co-authorship, 18 nodes were identified. 59.3 °% of the documents reported investigations with shrimp and 18.99 % with tilapia. The best production times were in the ranges of 41-50 days (12.4 %), 2130 days (11.24 %) and 51-60 days (9.68 %). The C:N ratio was not reported in 92.6 % of the studies. However, 3.48 % reported ratios of 15:1 and 1.16 % of 20:1. The main categories were performance (44.18 %) and productivity (26.35 %). Conclusions: Biofloc technology represents an opportunity for sustainability in species aquaculture practices. A gradual growth in research processes was evidenced in recent years; the main studies are related to the performance in terms of growth and optimization of the protein conversion processes in the analyzed crops, whether individual or in polyculture.
Resumo Introdução: a tecnologia Biofloc é um processo de biorremediação que permite minimizar as trocas de água e seu uso em sistemas de aquicultura. Objetivo: apresentar tendências em publicações científicas sobre a tecnologia Biofloc para produção de peixes, utilizando ferramentas de análise bibliométrica. Materiais e métodos: foi utilizada a base de dados Web of Science, com equação de busca e processamento de informações apoiado pelas ferramentas BibExcel e VOSviewer. Foi efetuada uma análise sistemática dos documentos recuperados, tendo em consideração: tipo de cultura, tempo experimental, crescimento e rendimento protéico, densidade populacional, qualidade da água, características microbiológicas e fisiológicas da cultura. Foram definidas categorias nas quais são definidos os estudos relacionados à tecnologia e os principais desafios identificados na aplicação da tecnologia. Resultados: foram encontrados 258 documentos, 94,12 % correspondiam a artigos de pesquisa. A produtividade foi maior em 2014 e 2016. A Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina e a Universidade Federal do Rio Grande FURG no Brasil têm a maior produção. Em coautoria, 18 nós foram identificados. 59,3 °% dos documentos relataram investigações com camarão e 18,99 % com tilápia. Os melhores tempos de produção ficaram nas faixas de 4150 dias (12, %), 21-30 dias (11,24 %) e 51-60 dias (9,68 %). A relação C: N não foi relatada em 92,6 % dos estudos. No entanto, 3,48 % relataram proporções de 15:1 e 1,16 % de 20:1. As principais categorias foram desempenho(44,18 %) e produtividade (26,35 %). Conclusões: A tecnologia Biofloc representa uma oportunidade para a sustentabilidade nas práticas de aquicultura de espécies. Um crescimento gradual nos processos de pesquisa foi evidenciado nos últimos anos; Os principais estudos estão relacionados com o desempenho em termos de crescimento e otimização dos processos de conversão de proteínas nas culturas analisadas, sejam individuais ou em policultura.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE：To provide reference for the selection of more economical programmed death- 1（PD-1）/programmed death-ligand 1（PD-L1）inhibitors for National Medical Insurance List and the quality improvement of related economic evaluation. METHODS：Retrieved from CNKI ，VIP，Wanfang database ，PubMed，Web of Science and Ovid Embase ，economic evaluation studies including listed PD- 1/PD-L1 inhibitors of China were collected during the inception to Oct. 2020. CHEERS checklist was used to evaluate the quality of the included literatures ，and the methodological characteristics and economic evaluation results of the included studies were analyzed systematically. RESULTS ：A total of 14 literatures were included ，all of which were model-based and with moderate or high quality. However ，there were still some deficiencies in the included literatures ，mainly manifesting as the insufficient reports on the reasons for setting or selecting model parameters ，as well as the great uncertainty of clinical effect data and utility value. Only 3 of the 8 PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors listed in China were involved in the included literatures. Compared with chemotherapy or targeted therapy plan ，9 literatures（64.29％）showed that the therapy plan containing PD- 1/PD-L1 inhibitors was not cost-effective. CONCLUSIONS ：The economic evidence of domestic PD- 1/PD-L1 inhibitors is lacking ，the higher price of imported PD- 1/PD-L1 inhibitors lead to poor economic performance. The existing economic evaluations has some shortcomings in methodological application and parameter selection. Pharmaceutical enterprises should fill in the data gaps and adjust the pricing strategy，researchers should improve the standardization of research ，and medical insurance decision-making departments should improve the judgment on the quality of economic evidences ，so as to promote more economical drugs to be included in the National Medical Insurance List.
ABSTRACT
RESUMO Este artigo caracteriza o estado da arte na área de logística reversa (LR), verificando as publicações de destaque nas bases de dados ScienceDirect e Web of Science (WoS) por meio das análises bibliométrica e sistêmica. A partir de 462 artigos, os principais periódicos, autores, instituições e países de realização da pesquisa bem como as parcerias de pesquisa foram identificados. Observou-se que as publicações sobre o tema têm aumentado constantemente ao longo dos anos, sendo os Estados Unidos o país com o maior número tanto em publicações quanto em parcerias. Os pesquisadores brasileiros devem buscar parcerias com instituições estrangeiras, pois estas demonstraram o potencial para enriquecer as discussões e fomentar publicações de qualidade. O artigo identificou os principais trabalhos nessa área, assim como as lacunas que podem orientar trabalhos futuros.
ABSTRACT This paper characterizes the state of the art in the area of reverse logistics by analyzing publications in the ScienceDirect and Web of Science (WOS) databases through bibliometric and systematic analysis. From a sample of 462 papers, leading journals, authors, research institutions and countries, as well as research partnerships were identified. It was noted that publications on the subject have steadily increased over the years, with the United States having the largest number of publications and partnerships. Brazilian researchers should seek partnerships with foreign institutions, since they have demonstrated the potential to enrich discussions and foster quality publications. This paper identified the main studies in this area, as well as the gaps that could guide future researches.
ABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the clinical value of 3D printed modeling used to assist internal fixation for pelvic fractures.Methods The databases,Pubmed,EMBase,Cochrane library,CNKI,Wanfang and VIP,from initiation till August 2018,were searched for the controlled studies comparing surgery assisted by 3D printed modeling and conventional surgery in the treatment of pelvic fractures.The 2 groups were compared in terms of surgical time,blood loss,Matta score for reduction,Majeed score for functional recovery and complications.This meta-analysis was performed using software RevMan 5.3.Results A total of 6 relative controlled studies were included for this analysis involving 513 patients.There were 221 cases in the 3D printed modeling group and 292 ones in the conventional group.Our Meta-analysis showed that there were significant differences between the 2 groups in surgical time (MD =-48.11,95％ CI:-74.16 ～-22.06,P ＜0.05),blood loss (MD=-250.63,95％ CI:-337.42～-163.84,P ＜0.05) and Matta score for reduction (OR =1.85,95％ CI:1.07 ～ 3.20,P =0.03),favoring the 3D printed modeling group.No statistically significant difference was found between the 2 group in the rate of complications (OR =0.61,95％ CI:0.32 ～ 1.17,P =0.14).Conclusion Assistance with 3D printed modeling may help the surgery for pelvic fractures to shorten surgery time,decrease blood loss and improve reduction quality.
ABSTRACT
Community water fluoridation is widely used worldwide and its role in preventive dental health care is well established. However, there is sufficient evidence of the ill effects of excessive fluoride content in water, causing skeletal and dental fluorosis. Alongside, there was also extraskeletal and dental manifestations of excessive fluorides reported. They include the effect on thyroid function, but the literature regarding this is sparse. Aim: The present systematic review aims to analyze the data from controlled studies about the effect of fluoride on thyroid function. Materials and Methods: A systematic literature search was performed using PUBMED, MEDLINE, EMBASE, COCHRANE Library, EBSCO search, and the internet search, with language restriction to English. The search included published studies which dealt with the association of fluorine with hypothyroidism, from January 1981 to November 2015. Literature search was done using keywords: fluoride and hypothyroidism, dental fluorosis and thyroid disorders, systemic fluorosis and thyroid disease, excessive water fluoridation and hypothyroidism, thyroid and fluoride, fluorosis and its adverse effects. Results: Out of 166 publications, related to search strategy, 37 full articles which were related with the association of fluoride and hypothyroidism were acquired for further inspection. Out of the 37 articles, 10 articles met the inclusion criteria. The data were extracted and placed in an excel sheet and were analyzed. The analysis suggested a positive correlation of excess fluoride and hypothyroidism. Conclusion: The present systematic review suggests a positive correlation between excess fluoride and hypothyroidism. This calls the need for further well-controlled studies in this otherwise emerging alarming issue. It also calls for considerable community network through health informatics for problem sensitization.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To systematically analyze the related laws and regulations on workplace violence in Chinese medical institutions and provide recommendations for making policy. METHODS: The legal databases of CNKI,Wanfang,Lawyee and Pkulaw were retrieved by keywords including workplace violence,medical violence,medical dispute,doctor-patient dispute or medical order. The laws and regulations,department measures,local laws and government regulations were collected and systematically analyzed. RESULTS: In China,there are eight laws,two administrative regulations,two department rules and 15 provincial local laws and regulations stipulating that the healthcare workers enjoy the right to be free from workplace violence and constitute the legal basis for the prevention of medical violence in the workplace. During 2009-2017,the National Health and Family Planning Commission joints with multi-sector authorities have issued 12 notices related to the maintenance of medical order,from three aspects of human defense,physical defense and technical defense to vigorously emphasize the punishment of violent crime against personal safety of healthcare workers. However,compared to the international community,there is still a gap between China's legislation on the prevention and control of violence in medical workplaces,and there is no coherence in the definition of violence against the workplace. There are no specific legal and technical standards,and the occupational hazards caused by mental violence have not yet been included in the scope of legal adjustment and the national occupational disease classification directory. CONCLUSION: Specific legislation on prevention and treatment of medical institutions workplace violence should be carried out by using effective measures. The establishment of standard system,the related research and international exchange should be strengthened.
ABSTRACT
Systematic analysis was used to analyze the medical evacuation systems for UN peacekeeping operations , in-volving the core of the system-people oriented , the element-medical personnel , aero evacuation equipment and communica-tion network, the structure-commanding level and operational level , the cure of injury,quick mobility and commanding in-teraction, and administrovtive inefficiency indistinct terms of responsibility .Furthermore, several proposals on the transfor-mation of native medical evacuation system are presented .
ABSTRACT
Aim: The purpose of the study was to validate the systematic six-step arterial blood gas (ABG) analysis in critically ill patients to diagnose mixed ABG disorders. Materials and method: The study was conducted in the ICU of a tertiary care hospital (between 1 June and 30 September, 2007) for 4 months. A total of 560 ABG samples were evaluated from 183 patients. 50 samples were randomly picked and evaluated by single step, quick look method and six-step approaches for detecting mixed ABG disorders. Results: Single, quick and six-step methods when applied on same data, revealed higher number of mixed disorders with systematic six-step approach. Quick-step method revealed only 48% mixed disorders while six-step analysis confirmed 62% having mixed disorders, from the samples which initially appeared to be single disorder. Metabolic acidosis with respiratory acidosis (26%) was the commonest disorder. Metabolic acidosis with respiratory alkalosis (20%), respiratory alkalosis with metabolic alkalosis (6%), metabolic alkalosis with respiratory acidosis (4%), metabolic acidosis with NGMA (4%) and metabolic acidosis with metabolic alkalosis (2%) were the other mixed disorders seen. Conclusion: Mixed disorders as suspected on clinical grounds can only be validated after complete analysis by six-step approach in critically ill patients. pH, PaCO2, and HCO3 – allow determination of primary disorder, but it is only the inequality between predicted and actual compensatory response for simple acid-base disorders which reveals a mixed disorder.
Subject(s)
Acid-Base Equilibrium , Acidosis/diagnosis , Acidosis, Respiratory/diagnosis , Alkalosis/diagnosis , Alkalosis, Respiratory/diagnosis , Critical Care , Critical Illness , Humans , Intensive Care Units , Sampling Studies , Tertiary Care CentersABSTRACT
Objective By systematically analyzing the past literature on medical quality evaluation and the principles of selecting indicators and establishing the evaluate system in comprehensive hospitals in China,we offered valuable references for the establishment of the indicator system for evaluating medical quality.Methods According to the requirements of systematic analysis,we searched all the literatures published in the past decades within CNKI and analyzed them in accord with the inclusive criteria.Results It established 13 items medical quality key evaluation indications including the bed utilization ratio,the average hospitalization days of patients,the yearly average rate of in-patient cares per doctor,the turnover of beds,the degree of nursing effect,the success rate in rescuing critically ill patients,the incidence of nosocomial infections,the curing and improvement rate,the accordant diagnostic rate,the eligibility of basic nursing,the satisfactory ratio of patients,the income per capita,the ratio of drug income in the total revenues,the average medical expense per inpatient.Conclusion China's general hospitals already have in place their principles of KPI selection and their indicator systerm.The methodology to screen quality indicators has also taken shape.This study earmarked 13 key performance indicators for quality of care in its analysis,yet roadblocks still remain in building China' s KPIs for quality of care.